Ionization Energy of the Elements

The ionization energy, or ionization potential, is the energy required to completely remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion. The closer and more tightly bound an electron is to the nucleus, the more difficult it will be to remove, and the higher its ionization energy will be. Key Takeaways: Ionization Energy Ionization energy is the amount of energy needed to completely remove an electron from a gaseous atom.Generally, the first ionization energy is lower than that required to remove subsequent electrons. There are exceptions.Ionization energy exhibits a trend on the periodic table. Ionization energy generally increases moving from left to right across a period or row and decreases moving top to bottom down an element group or column. Units for Ionization Energy Ionization energy is measured in electronvolts (eV). Sometimes the molar ionization energy is expressed, in J/mol. First vs Subsequent Ionization Energies The first ionization energy is the energy required to remove one electron from the parent atom. The second ionization energy is the energy required to remove a second valence electron from the univalent ion to form the divalent ion, and so on. Successive ionization energies increase. The second ionization energy is (almost) always greater than the first ionization energy. There are a couple of exceptions. The first ionization energy of boron is smaller than that of beryllium. The first ionization energy of oxygen is greater than that of nitrogen. The reason for the exceptions has to do with their electron configurations. In beryllium, the first electron comes from a 2s orbital, which can hold two electrons as is stable with one. In boron, the first electron is removed from a 2p orbital, which is stable when it holds three or six electrons. Both of the electrons removed to ionize oxygen and nitrogen come from the 2p orbital, but a nitrogen atom has three electrons in its p orbital (stable), while an oxygen atom has 4 electrons in the 2p orbital (less stable). Ionization Energy Trends in the Periodic Table Ionization energies increase moving from left to right across a period (decreasing atomic radius). Ionization energy decreases moving down a group (increasing atomic radius). Group I elements have low ionization energies because the loss of an electron forms a stable octet. It becomes harder to remove an electron as the atomic radius decreases because the electrons are generally closer to the nucleus, which is also more positively charged. The highest ionization energy value in a period is that of its noble gas. Terms Related to Ionization Energy The phrase ionization energy is used when discussing atoms or molecules in the gas phase. There are analogous terms for other systems. Work Function - The work function is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from the surface of a solid. Electron Binding Energy - The electron binding energy is a more generic term for ionization energy of any chemical species. Its often used to compare energy values needed to remove electrons from neutral atoms, atomic ions, and polyatomic ions. Ionization Energy Versus Electron Affinity Another trend seen in the periodic table is electron affinity. Electron affinity is a measure of the energy released when a neutral atom in the gas phase gains an electron and forms a negatively charged ion (anion). While ionization energies may be measured with great precision, electron affinities are not as easy to measure. The trend to gain an electron increases moving from left to right across a period in the periodic table and decreases moving from top to bottom down an element group. The reasons electron affinity typically becomes smaller moving down the table is because each new period adds a new electron orbital. The valence electron spends more time further from the nucleus. Also, as you move down the periodic table, an atom has more electrons. Repulsion between the electrons makes it easier to remove an electron or harder to add one. Electron affinities are smaller values than ionization energies. This puts the trend in electron affinity moving across a period into perspective. Rather than a net release of energy when an electron is gain, a stable atom like helium actually requires energy to force ionization. A halogen, like fluorine, readily accepts another electron.

A Day Of Celebration And Honor - 2684 Words

The setting was January 1937. Nazism was escalating and there were whispers of another ‘Great War’ on the horizon. The Dutch people were holding on to the hope that their neutrality would be honored as it was after the last ‘Great War’. Although, this was not to be the case, this day was a day of celebration and honor. The ten Booms were a well-respected family that lived in the Dutch city of Haarlem, as their fathers had before them. The family operated a small watch shop from the first floor of their home on Bartheljorisstraat Street. Their home, known locally as the Beje, had been in their family for generations. The family had gathered to celebrate the hundred year anniversary of opening the watch shop. This was a great day to†¦show more content†¦At the ten Booms residence it would never have crossed their minds as to whether they should open their doors to ones in need. Even before the war, the family had raised eleven foster children in a Christian home with morals, values and integrity (21). As it was to unfold, the ten Booms became increasingly involved in the underground movement in an attempt to save Jews from Hitler’s cruel eugenics movement. Pickwick assisted the ten Booms to find places of hiding from the Nazi death camps, food cards to sustain them, and aided in the set-up of alarms and security around the house. The ten Booms didn’t begrudge the Jews their religion, though different from their own. They embraced it and merely did the right thing. However, on February 28, 1944, the ten Boom family was betrayed and the Beje was raided. The six people in hiding were able to escape into the upstairs hiding space in time due to all of the practice drills, alarms and such to ensure their safety. However, the ten Boom family members were caught and taken in for interrogation by the Nazis. Corrie, Casper, Willem, Betsie, Nollie, and her husband Peter van Woerden were then imprisoned during this Gestapo raid on the Beje. The six family members were transferred from the Haarlem jail to the Scheveningen prison. From there, Corrie and Betsie are transported by train to the Vught Concentration Camp. On the train the two sisters areShow MoreRelatedThe Celebration Of A Girl1416 Words   |  6 PagesA quinceaà ±era is the celebration of a girls fifteenth birthday. It is a huge celebration in the spanish culture. It is first step into womanhood, for a girl. It gives thanks to God thanks for his blessings, and to present a young lady to t he community. In the United States, this occasional celebration would be called a â€Å"sweet sixteen†, even though it’s not a fifteenth birthday. The way this was celebrated in mexico is a little different than when hispanics celebrate it in the United States. TheRead MoreDia De Los Muertos Informative Speech Outline1016 Words   |  5 PagesWhen most people think of how to honor the dead, right away they think of mourning but the indigenous people of Mexico had a different idea. Instead of mourning, they think of honoring the dead as a celebration with dancing, food, and reminiscing. The name of this celebration is called Dia de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead in English. II. Relevance to the audience: Everyone has had a loved one or someone they know pass away and have gone to the cemetery to honor their death, which is why Dia deRead MoreNarrative of Quinceanera910 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Abra Mcdowell July 14, 2010 From a Little Girl to a Young Woman . The day of my Quinceanera started early. I had just turned 15 and it was the birthday I had always dreamed of. I was always a dama in other Quinceanera’s, but now it was time for my own celebration. In Mexican culture, a dama is just like a bridesmaid. I had 14 of my closest friends as my dama’s to be a part of my â€Å"court of honor†. All 14 girls wore beautiful hot pink dresses and had polished hairstyles. The girlsRead MoreThe Day Of The Dead1166 Words   |  5 Pages The Day of the Dead is a unique Mexican holiday celebrated with many different customs and traditions throughout Mexico. This holiday focuses on the gathering of family and friends to pray for people close to them who have died and help them along on their spiritual journey. Every year, starting on October 31st, Mexican people begin their annual three-day celebration of The Day of the Dead or El Dà ­a de los Muertos. The holiday takes place over a course of three days, October 31st, November 1stRead MoreEssay on Christmas Traditions Around Th1170 Words   |  5 Pageschildren go from house to house knocking on doors and singing Greek songs that tell of the arrival of the Christ child. The family celebration focuses on a Christmas Eve dinner, which, in the Greek Orthodox tradition, follows several weeks of fasting. According to legend, mischievous, often hideous looking elves called Kallikantzaroi wreak havoc in houses for the next 12 days. Burning incense or leaving a peace offer ing is supposed offer some protection against the elves. Most families decorate a smallRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Christopher Columbus Day1630 Words   |  7 Pagesyears. Since 1937, the US has used this â€Å"discovery† as a holiday known as Columbus Day to celebrate a man who established the beginning of colonization of the New World. While Columbus did begin the colonization of the Americas, he was not the one who discovered them. History tends to be told from the privileged perspective which is why it’s taught that Columbus discovered these lands. The celebration of Columbus Day promotes the idea of colonization and the marginalization of Native Americans; peopleRead MoreBrazilian Carnival : The World s Most Notorious And Humongous Parties1329 Words   |  6 Pagesmost notorious and humongous parties. Carnival (actually Carnaval in Portuguese) is a wild celebration of food, alcohol, music and fun. Carnival is held all over the country; celebrations differ a bit by region, but Rio de Janeiro s celebration is the most popular, drawing crowds of 500,000 foreigners annually from across the globe. It s held annually for a few days before the start of Lent, the 40-day period of fasting, abstinence and repentance that s observed by the Roman Catholic Church beforeRead MoreThe Holidays of Suriname625 Words   |  3 PagesSuriname take their holidays and other celebrations very seriously. Suriname celebrates many of the same holidays as the rest of the world, but also celebrates many of their own holidays. Phagwah Day is a very popular Hindu holiday, celebrated in Suriname. This holiday is celebrated on the last full moon of the lunar month, known as Phalguna. Phalguna is the twelfth month on the Hindu calendar, the same calendar that governs the Hindu religious life. Phagwah Day is celebrated all over the country atRead More Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay1063 Words   |  5 Pagesanonymous author some time during the fourteenth century, reflects many of the religious, political and social aspects illustrated in other literary works of the time. The author, a contemporary of Chaucer, lived during a time when gallantry, loyalty and honor defined a true man. During this period, Christianity was prevalent, and inherent human weakness was commonly accepted. The author begins the poem with the mention of the siege and destruction of Troy, said to be a result of the traitorous acts ofRead MoreThe Day Of The World War I1370 Words   |  6 Pagesbe an honorary day, Armistice Day, for all military personnel who had died defending the United States of America. Armistice Day was the first national recognition and important step towards the care and honor of those who had served protecting the country. Years later in 1938, Congress passed the 11th of November as a legal holiday; in 1954, the holiday was renamed Veterans Day to include an honoring to all military personnel and committees (â€Å"Office of Public Affairs†). Veterans Day was a highly respected

Metonymy - Definition and Examples

Metonymy is a figure of speech (or trope) in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which its closely associated (such as crown for royalty). Metonymy is also the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it, as in describing someones clothing to characterize the individual. Adjective: metonymic. A variant of metonymy is synecdoche. Etymology: From the Greek, change of name Examples and Observations In a corner, a cluster of lab coats made lunch plans.(Karen Green, Bough Down. Siglio, 2013)Many standard items of vocabulary are metonymic. A red-letter day is important, like the feast days marked in red on church calendars. . . . On the level of slang, a redneck is a stereotypical member of the white rural working class in the Southern U.S., originally a reference to necks sunburned from working in the fields.(Connie Eble, Metonymy. The Oxford Companion to the English Language, 1992)In Stockholm, Sweden, where Obama was traveling on Wednesday, the White House praised the vote and said that it would continue to seek support for a military response(David Espo, Obama Wins Backing From Senate Panel on Syria Strike. Associated Press, September 5, 2013)Whitehall prepares for a hung parliament.(The Guardian, January 1, 2009)Fear gives wings.(Romanian proverb)He used the events to show the Silicon Valley crowd that he was just like them--and that he understood their financial needs better than the suits on Wall Street.(Businessweek, 2003)I stopped at a bar and had a couple of double Scotches. They didnt do me any good. All they did was make me think of Silver Wig, and I never saw her again.(Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep) Using Part of an Expression for the Whole One of the favorite American metonymic processes is the one in which a part of a longer expression is used to stand for the whole expression. Here are some examples of the part of an expression for the whole expression metonymy in American English: Danish for Danish pastryshocks for shock absorberswallets for wallet-sized photosRidgemont High for Ridgemont High Schoolthe States for the United States (Zoltà ¡n Kà ¶vecses, American English: An Introduction. Broadview, 2000) The Real World and the Metonymic World [I]n the case of metonymy, . . . one object stands for another. For example, understanding the sentence The ham sandwich left a big tip. Involves identifying the ham sandwich with the thing he or she ate and setting up a domain in which the ham sandwich refers to the person. This domain is separate from the real world, in which the phrase ham sandwich refers to a ham sandwich. The distinction between the real world and the metonymic world can be seen in the sentence: The waitress spoke to the complaining ham sandwich and then she took it away. This sentence does not make sense; it uses the phrase ham sandwich to refer both to the person (in the metonymic world) and a ham sandwich (in the real world). (Arthur B. Markman, Knowledge Representation. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1999) Going to Bed The following trivial metonymic [utterance] may serve as an illustration of an idealized cognitive model: (1) Lets go to bed now. Going to bed is typically understood metonymically in the sense of going to sleep. This metonymic target forms part of an idealized script in our culture: when I want to sleep, I first go to bed before I lie down and fall asleep. Our knowledge of this sequence of acts is exploited in metonymy: in referring to the initial act we evoke the whole sequence of acts, in particular the central act of sleeping. (Gà ¼nter Radden, The Ubiquity of Metonymy. Cognitive and Discourse Approaches to Metaphor and Metonymy, ed. by Josà © Luis Otal Campo, Ignasi Navarro i Ferrando, and Begoà ±a Bellà ©s Fortuà ±o. Universitat Jaume, 2005) Metonymy in Cigarette Advertising Metonymy is common in cigarette advertising in countries where legislation prohibits depictions of the cigarettes themselves or of people using them. (Daniel Chandler, Semiotics. Routledge, 2007)Metonymic ads often feature a specific product attribute: Benson Hedges the gold cigarette box, Silk Cut the use of purple, Marlboro the use of red . . .. (Sean Brierley, The Advertising Handbook. Routledge, 1995)As a form of association, metonymy is particularly powerful in making arguments. It not only links two disparate signs but makes an implicit argument about their similarities. . . . One of the most famous cigarette slogans was developed by Sigmund Freuds nephew, Edward Bernays who, in creating the phrase Youve come a long way, baby! hoped to expunge the hussy label from women who smoked publicly by referring to cigarettes as torches of freedom. This was one of the early examples of an advertising slogan that relied on social context to be imbued with meaning. As with most good meto nyms, this image was linked with a cultural referent that aided in the persuasion. (Jonathan W. Rose, Making Pictures in Our Heads: Government Advertising in Canada. Greenwood, 2000) The Difference Between Metaphor and Metonymy Metaphor creates the relation between its objects, while metonymy presupposes that relation. (Hugh Bredin, Metonymy. Poetics Today, 1984)Metonymy and metaphor also have fundamentally different functions. Metonymy is about referring: a method of naming or identifying something by mentioning something else which is a component part or symbolically linked. In contrast, a metaphor is about understanding and interpretation: it is a means to understand or explain one phenomenon by describing it in terms of another. (Murray Knowles and Rosamund Moon, Introducing Metaphor. Routledge, 2006)If metaphor works by transposing qualities from one plane of reality to another, metonymy works by associating meanings within the same plane. . . . The representation of reality inevitably involves a metonym: we choose a part of reality to stand for the whole. The urban settings of television crime serials are metonyms—a photographed street is not meant to stand for the street itself, but as a meton ym of a particular type of city life--inner-city squalor, suburban respectability, or city-centre sophistication. (John Fiske, Introduction to Communication Studies, 2nd ed. Routledge, 1992) The Difference Between Metonymy and Synecdoche Metonymy resembles and is sometimes confused with the trope of synecdoche. While likewise based on a principle of contiguity, synecdoche occurs when a part is used to represent a whole or a whole to represent a part, as when workers are referred to as hands or when a national football team is signified by reference to the nation to which it belongs: England beat Sweden. As way of example, the saying that The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world illustrates the difference between metonymy and synecdoche. Here, the hand is a synecdochic representation of the mother of whom it is a part, while the cradle represents a child by close association. (Nina Norgaard, Beatrix Busse, and Rocà ­o Montoro, Key Terms in Stylistics. Continuum, 2010) Semantic Metonymy An oft-cited example of metonymy is the noun tongue, which designates not only a human organ but also a human capacity in which the organ plays a conspicuous part. Another noted example is the change of orange from the name of a fruit to the color of that fruit. Since orange refers to all instances of the color, this change also includes generalization. A third example (Bolinger, 1971) is the verb want, which once meant lack and changed to the contiguous sense of desire. In these examples, both senses still survive. Such examples are established; where several meanings survive, we have semantic metonymy: the meanings are related and also independent of each other. Orange is a polysemic word, its two distinct and nondependent meanings metonymically related. (Charles Ruhl, On Monosemy: A Study in Linguistic Semantics. SUNY Press, 1989) Discourse-Pragmatic Functions of Metonymy One of the most important discourse-pragmatic functions of metonymy is to enhance cohesion and coherence of the utterance. It is something that is already at the very heart of metonymy as a conceptual operation where one content stands for another but both are actively activated at least to some degree. In other words, metonymy is an efficient way of saying two things for the price of one, i.e. two concepts are activated while only one is explicitly mentioned (cf. Radden Kà ¶vecses 1999:19). This necessarily enhances the cohesion of an utterance because two topical concepts are referred to by means of one label, and there is consequently, at least nominally, less shifting or switching between these two topics. (Mario Brdar and Rita Brdar-Szabà ³, The (Non-)Metonymic Uses of Place Names in English, German, Hungarian, and Croatian. Metonymy and Metaphor in Grammar, ed. by Klaus-Uwe Panther, Linda L. Thornburg, and Antonio Barcelona. John Benjamins, 2009) Pronunciation: me-TON-uh-me Also Known As: denominatio, misnamer, transmutation

Why A Border Wall Should Not Be Constructed - 1367 Words

A little prodigy, able to learn and speak a second language at a remarkable speed, a known artist throughout her community, a girl with great friends and a loyal boyfriend, a receiver of numerous academic awards, an eventual Ivy-League student, an illegal immigrant. Now which of these should ring most important in a person s mind? Should the impressive and achieving student be looked down upon because of how she entered the United States? The idea that every illegal alien that enters America is carrying a weapon or is out to kill must be abolished. Most entering the United States are primarily seeking improved conditions for themselves and their families. This is why a border wall should not be constructed. The construction of a border wall or fence would be unconstitutional, prejudiced and would only provide harm for the nations environment and economy and create vast inequality and injustice for all. While there is a slight possibility that one in a million illegal aliens entering the United States has a bomb strapped to his or her chest, should all of the men, women and children seeking safety and security be turned away? Many already believe that Donald Trump is a modern-day Hitler (4?) but the construction of a ginormous wall along the US/Mexico border would shape america into an unwelcoming, racist, and an adversary to many across the globe. Besides, Trump and many others have already conceived a wall of greed, fear, nativism, and hate - casting divergentShow MoreRelatedThe Berlin Wall And The Wall1519 Words   |  7 PagesGerman rulers finally allowed the Wall to be taken down. The Berlin Wall was according to Rosenberg â€Å"a physical division between West Berlin and East Germany in order to keep East Germans from fleeing to the West† (Rosenberg). History always seems to repeat itself because even in modern times the usage of a wall to keep people from moving in large number is still viable. Nonetheless, like the Berlin wall and the Great Wal l of China before that, walls are just that walls and unfortunately they are notRead MoreBuilding A Wall Will Not Solve The Illegal Immigrant Problem From Mexico1466 Words   |  6 PagesBuilding a wall will not solve the illegal immigrant problem from Mexico. Just getting the rights to build the wall along with the cost of building the wall will present many challenges. The talks between Mexico and the United States about the wall have already begun to create a separation between the two countries. The astronomical cost of the wall is another reason why Building a wall will help solve many problems like illegal immigrants, drugs, guns, etc. And it will protect the United StatesRead MoreThe United States Unchecked Immigration From Mexico Poses Two Major Challenges For The Us936 Words   |  4 PagesTwo strong cases for the wall come from the works of Huntington and Gulasekaram who take two decidedly different tacks on the issue. On the one hand, Huntington never explicitly call s for a wall, but he outlines the fundamental rejigging of American society caused by unchecked Mexican migration, both legal and illegal and from this we can derive the need for creating a wall in order to defer some of these outcomes. For instance, he argues that historically, immigrants to America shared three characteristicsRead MoreAnalysis Of Street Art Of Israel And Palestine1370 Words   |  6 PagesBefore the study of street art in Israel and Palestine can begin, first, one must understand why these artworks are there - a basic principle in any art theory. For instance, taking Picasso’s Guernica (see fig. 1.1) as an example, it appears at first glance to be a disturbing painting, very abstract in style and chaotic in its composition. The appeal of abstract art is that it is less superficially explicit. I would argue that this conveys deeper meaning to the viewer because of the personal journeyRead MoreBerlin Wall : The Cold War1403 Words   |  6 PagesBerlin Wall The Berlin Wall was built in August 1961 during the Cold War. The Wall that separated East and West Berlin came to show the different ideologies between different systems of government, Communism and Democratic supported by the USSR and the USA. The Berlin Wall symbolised the difference between the western democrats and eastern communist and the way they though Germany should be led. The significance of the wall What was the cold war and diplomatic relationships? The Cold War was aRead MoreThe Immigration And The Rule Of Law Essay1561 Words   |  7 Pagescontinue to live in a country where racial inequity is the norm and it affects the progression of Black-Americans in the United States (Walker, 2011). The dominant belief about Blacks, upon which their legal rights, or lack of, were historically constructed, was the belief in their ontological inferiority. (Walker, 2011) . In traditional Americanism, Black-American people are perceived as poor, lazy, lustful, ignorant, and prone to criminal behavior. (Walker, 2011). April Walker also expresses multipleRead MoreThe European Union ( Eu )1509 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I will discuss why and how the European Union (EU) was set up and the advantages and disadvantages of membership. The EU was set up after World War II in 1939- 1945, bringing harmony and peace among the EU. I will also explain and evaluate the political and economic situation between Post War Europe and understand the historical development of the European Union. Post War Europe had been largely affected by the Second World War and having a huge factor to play in this was the riseRead MoreThe Cold War During World War II1397 Words   |  6 PagesWar is the result of hate and brutality that can affect people in a negative way. The Cold War relates to the war in the Butter Battle book as it demonstrates hate, which should not be taught to kids in children s books. Conflict and competition can lead to war. The Cold War was a 45 year long rivalry between the Western powers, led by the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States formed a military base to protect them from other threats such as the Soviets. The expansion of the SovietRead MoreHadrians Wall2722 Words   |  11 PagesHadrian s Wall Although it was completed almost 1900 years ago, the Roman ruin known today as Hadrian s wall remains remarkably intact, and retains much of its former glory and mystique. Located in northern England, and stretching across nearly 80 miles of the hilly countryside of Northumbria, the ruin marks the northernmost expansion of one of the greatest civilizations in human history. It is architecturally significant as an astounding achievement of ancient engineering and designRead MoreWho Is Dayani Cristal Analysis1451 Words   |  6 Pagesimmigrants die on their journey to the United States, and further emphasizes how the â€Å"illegal† identities construct migration as a criminal act. This film looks far beyond the perspective of being an undocumented immigrant and illegally crossing the border, and more towards a dangerous journey focused around family and values. To further emphasize a more personal anecdote of an immigrant coming to the United States, the film uses a n immigrant named Yohan Sandres-Martinez as its focal point. By using

Essay about Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird - 991 Words

â€Å"‘You want to grow up to be a lady, don’t you?’ I said not particularly† (Lee). Jean Louise Finch is a tomboy growing up in a world where a girl is expected to become a lady. Submissive housewives and proper ladies were the expectations set for women in the time To Kill A Mockingbird took place. Scout Finch lived in a household that had a strong male influence; aside from Calpurnia, she had no real present example of what she was supposed to become. Because of this, Scout refused to conform to the ways of the rest of the women in Maycomb and the world (Lee 84). Women in Maycomb, and everywhere else for that matter, were viewed as dolls in every form of the word. Girls were supposed to wear dresses, refrain from cursing, and use manners.†¦show more content†¦She continually and publicly disapproved of Atticus’s parenting style, specifically with Scout. Scout’s behavior bothered Alexandra so much that she came to live with them, wh ich made me wary of her character. Alexandra was raised a lady, and she valued the domestic roles expected of women. Her (and everyone elses) narrow-mindedness led her to believe that the only thing girls could and should do, was be a lady. â€Å"Aunt Alexandra was fanatical on the subject of my attire. I could not possibly hope to be a lady if I wore breeches; when I said I could do nothing in a dress, she said I wasnt supposed to be doing things that required pants.† At this point, I completely hated Alexandra’s character. Scout just wanted to be a kid and play with the boys. I understand Alexandra’s viewpoint, though; why she acted the way she did, and said the things she said. Her expectations of Scout, I felt, were a bit unrealistic for Scout’s age and circumstance. However, Scout was not the only girl to fall victim to these expectations; all women of this time were pressured to be something that they were not (Lee 85-86). To Kill A Mockingbird took place in the 1930s, which was the time of the Great Depression. During this economically challenging time, men were usually the only ones in the family that worked, therefore they were named the â€Å"breadwinners.† Men have always been, and (unfortunately) still are, viewed as the superior gender. This idea grew even more with the struggles ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird1210 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom who and what surrounds us, things that help to form our identity. Prejudice is an integral theme in Harper Lee’s, To Kill A Mockingbird. Prejudice is evident throughout the novel, not just in the appalling racism but also through, prejudice against different sexual orientations, gender constructs and feminism. Society had certain constructs that had to be met. Throughout To Kill A Mockingbird, Lee breaks the bounds to overcome barriers, and challenge social constructs. This feature article delvesRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay567 Words   |  3 Pagesexample in Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird, the small town of Maycomb struggles with these aspects. Each character of the novel has a strong personality. Scout Finch is tough, always has an opinion, and is a tomboy. On the other hand Boo Radley stays hidden most of the time, but we all know he is actually a friend to Jem and Scout. Then there is Tom Robinson, a hardworking, strong, and innocent man. But what do all these characters have in common? They can all be analyzed as mockingbirds. ThroughoutRead More Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird In the early twentieth century, the United States was undergoing a dramatic social change. Slavery had been abolished decades before, but the southern states were still attempting to restrict social interaction among people of different races. In particular, blacks were subject to special Jim Crow laws which restricted their rights and attempted to keep the race inferior to whites. Even beyond these laws, however, blacks were feeling the pressure of prejudiceRead More Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird In the novel by Harper Lee named, To Kill a Mockingbird, there is one main tragic event that occurs. The feelings and expressions dealt with in the novel are seen through the eyes of the main character, named Scout. In the novel Tom Robinson is a black male accused of rape in Maycomb County. During the same time period as the novel there were many historical events that were almost identical in setting and conclusion. There were many things that happenedRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird816 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee focuses on many themes but courage is mostly shown in the novel. In the novel, there are many examples where the characters have shown courage even when he/she knows that he/she is going to lose it. Atticus Finch is a great example of showing courage in the novel. He shows great courage because he defends a black man even though he knows he is going to lose the case. Another example of showing courage is Mrs. Dubose. S he shows courage because she wantsRead MoreEssay on Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird1054 Words   |  5 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Courage is the quality of mind that enables one to face danger with confidence, resolution, and gain a firm control of oneself. Many of the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird showed courage in their own way. Courage can come in many different forms: physical, mental, emotional and moral. Courage is not the only main theme displayed in To Kill a Mockingbird; prejudice and education are also very important themes exhibited throughout the progression of theRead More Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird The United States has been dealing with the issue of racism ever since Columbus landed on Plymouth Rock. The Indians were the first to endure harsh racism in this country. Pilgrims moving west ran them off their land wiping out many tribes and destroying many resources in their path. However, when many think of racism today, the issue of blacks and whites is the first to come to mind. African Americans have come a long way in today’s society as comparedRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay1073 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee is novel set in a three year period through the ‘great depression’. Atticus Finch (Jem and scouts father) is originally portrayed as a friendly and understanding person, though when he attends court defending a ‘black man’ as his job, suddenly he and his family begin to suffer racial hatred from their community. The story features on the themes of racism, community morals and the r ealisation of certain truths whilst growing up. It is a fascinating novelRead MoreEssay on Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird2478 Words   |  10 PagesHarper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird During the 1930s, during the time when the novel was set, society was very different to what it is now. To Kill a Mockingbird is Harper Lees story about life in a small town in Southern America during the 1930s. The story is based in the state of Texas, Alabama, in this state slavery was very common and because of this it became to be known as the Slave State. The story involves Atticus Finch a lawyer who must defendRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Essay3848 Words   |  16 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird The story of To Kill a Mockingbird takes place during the 1930s in a small town in Alabama in the southern United States - much like the town where the author Harper Lee herself grew up. To understand what the book is saying about racism, you need to know something of the history of race relations in the southern USA. Plot ---- The novel is about three years in the life of the Finch family: Atticus and his son Jem

The Futiity Of Prostitution Laws Essay Example For Students

The Futiity Of Prostitution Laws Essay historically and which has many individuals reexamining the logistics of it. If prostitution is decriminalized it will become economically profitable and feasible for not only the prostitutes, but also western society as a whole. Without the 20th century western laws, which force prostitution underground, the profession of prostitution could become a clean and safe occupation. Prostitution laws are unconstitutional and deny the prostitutes what the American constitution allows them. Prostitution is an illegal act in Canada and large portions of the United States which, if legalized, would protect and benefit 20th century western society. If sanctioned, prostitution will become economically lucrative for the governments involved. The colossal amount of money spent each year on prostitute prevention could be spent on more urgent issues, which is exactly what the San Francisco Task Force on Prostitution found. The total costs accounted for in this report amounts to $7,634,750.00. Given the many areas in which we found that information is not available, or there are hidden costs, the over all expense to the taxpayer exceeds $7.6 million annually. 1 The San Francisco Task Force is a group of researchers, police officers, members of the San Francisco community, government officials and prostitutes, who frequently meet to discuss the issues of prostitution and to try to come to some solution. Although they may not always agree, two issues they are in agreement about are that the $7.6 million dollars would be better spent elsewhere and that prostitution should be legalized.. Robert Noce of Manitoba city council wants reform of the Canadian Justice System and he would like to see prostitution become worthwhile to Canadian taxpayers. Quite frankly, for anyone to suggest to me a dating or escort agency is just offering companionship is being quite naive. Lets not try to bury our heads in the sand and pretend nothing else is going on. Instead of pretending these establishments dont exist lets instead be logical about this and try to use the profits that we could be making, in a wise and useful manner. I think that the highest paying customers for prostitution is us Canadians, in the money we put into fighting this futile cause.2 Instead of putting millions of dollars into stopping this consensual act, the money saved and made from the legalization of prostitution can be spent on fighting child prostitution and coerced prostitution. These two crimes are becoming rampant across North America, but lack of funds prevents a serious effort from being made to fight against them. If brothels and prostitutes were to be taxed like any other place of business, millions of extra revenue dollars would become available to the Canadian government, for it to spend as it sees fit. Although the monetary concerns are overwhelming one of the most debated issues is the health and safety of prostitution. If prostitution were to be decriminalized, the profession of prostitution could become a healthy, publicly sanctioned place of business. Throughout history and throughout European cultures, prostitution has been legalized to decrease the spread of disease as historian Jennifer James reports. Beginning with Prussia in 1700, most continental European governments shifted their tactics from suppression of prostitution and sexually transmitted disease to control through a system of compulsory registration, licensed brothels, and medical inspection of prostitutes. Although medical techniques were primitive there was a noticeable decline in sexual diseases among prostitutes and their clients.3 European governments hundreds of years ago realized that since they could not fight prostitution, it was best to make it as safe and healthy as they could. Their efforts saved hundreds of lives and provided treatment to the prostitutes who previously could not seek medical attention without being arrested. A recent episode of 20/20 interviewed Joe McNamara, former police chief of Kansas and San Jose, and vice squad officers as they discussed the physical harm that anti-prostitution laws inflict JOE MCNAMARA: What were doing now is worse than prostitution. JOHN STOSSEL: The law makes it worse? JOE MCNAMARA: The law makes it a lot worse. It drives up the profits. It drives up the potential for corruption. It invites violence. .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f , .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .postImageUrl , .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f , .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:hover , .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:visited , .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:active { border:0!important; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:active , .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4ae93b571cd2db8d7e71e615bf15342f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Autonomy Vs. Paternalism In Mental Health Treatmen Essay JOHN STOSSEL: It is true that when the vice cops talk about the terrible things they see 2ND VICE SQUAD OFFICER: You see homicides. You see the narcotics. You see the assaults. JOHN STOSSEL: Theyre talking about things caused not by prostitution itself, but by the law. Because the law drives prostitution underground into the criminal world, where everyones hiding from the police. 2ND VICE SQUAD OFFICER: We see the black eyes. We see the rapes. We see them crying. JOHN .

Character Essay Example For Students

Character Essay After reading Arthur Millers play A view from the bridge, I am convinced that the most striking character is Marco. He is an Italian immigrant that moved illegally to the United States with his brother Rodolpho to work as longshoremen, since at the time (the play was written in 1955) his country of origin, Italy, was going through a major economic depression because of the outcome of World War II. In the play, we are told that Marcos plan is to make enough money to survive and be able to send some of that money to his wife and his three kids back in Italy, who are starving. Marco physically resembles the Sicilian stereotype, with dark skin and dark hair. He is also very strong and he could easily load the whole ship by himself.(pg.541) In this play, the author uses plot, dialog, actions and symbolism to emphasize Marcos honor which, in my opinion, is his prominent characteristic. Category: English