Following Conditional Construction Following Conditional Construction

ZERO CONDITIONAL A. Sample sendences If interest rates fall, company profits rise. If prices wear outt go up, people barter for more(prenominal). B. Form (condition)(result) If sales increase,we make more profit. ZERO CONDITIONAL C. Uses The sentences of Zero conditional are general facts or things that are forever and a day true, i. e. the consequence always follows the event. Statements in this form commonly appear in factual discussions or scientific and technical material. In the condition cla occasion there commode be a variety of present forms. When you fly business class, you get much more legroom. present simple) If interest rates are rising, bank loans become more expensive. (present continuous) When youve finished the course, you get a certificate. (present entire). ZERO CONDITIONAL In the result clause there undersurface be a present simple (last examples) or an imperative. When you fly business class, dont drink too much of the supernumerary alcohol. Notice that w e can use either if or when(ever) where the meaning is each time. CONDITIONAL I A. Sample sentences If I do an MBA, Ill improve my job prospects. If our main competitor goes bankrupt, well increase our market share.B. Form (condition) (result) If you increase your order,well devolve you a bigger discount. If any oneness from Head Officesay Im in a meeting. calls, CONDITIONAL I C. Uses 1. In conditional I the speaker sees the event as a real possibility, i. e. , if-clause is use to talk about future events that are reasonably likely and their results. The if-clause states the condition, and the other clause states the result If sales dont go intimately this year (condition), we wont increase our profits. (result) With all types of conditionals the if-clause can come second. Well make more profit if sales increase. CONDITIONAL I 2. if and unless Unless often replaces if + negative expressionIf you dont wear a suit and tie, you wont be allowed into the club. You wont be allowed into the club unless you wear a suit and tie. conditional statements can function as either promises, warnings or threats. But note that unless cannot be used to make a promise. If you order now, youll get a free gift. (promise) We wont be able to do business with you unless you comply with our ethical policy. warning) Unless we receive payment by the end of the week we will be forced to consider legal action. (threat) CONDITIONAL I 3. In Conditional I, the imperative, or modal verbs can be used in the main clause, e. g. may, can or must, instead of will + infinitive If you hear from Anne today, tell her to give me a call. If the traffic is bad, I may miss the appointment with our supplier. If we sign the contract today, we can start production at the end of next week. If Mr. Porter rings, you must ask him to leave his number.CONDITIONAL I 4. We do not use will in the if part of the sentence even when the meaning is future If the goods will arrive tomorrow, I will collect it. (? ) If th e goods arrive tomorrow, I will collect it. (? ) leave is only possible in such cases if it is used to express not future time but willingness or invitations (the style is formal), e. g. If you will sign this agreement, I will let you confound the money at once. If you will come this way, Mr. Jones will see you now.CONDITIONAL I 5. In formal written documents, e. g. egal contracts or agreements, one may find the following conditional construction in Conditional I Should the agent default on the contract, we will take legal action. Should the unions assume new productivity agreements, the employers will meet their wage demands. Should + infinitive is an inverted construction in place of If the agent defaults or, If the unions accept. Note that only should, never would, is used in this way. CONDITIONAL II Sample sentences If trains were more reliable, more people would use them. If I had as much money as Bill Gates, I would retire.B. Form If you wanted a quantity you would have t o order discount, at least 1,000 units. If I knew her number, I would send her a fax. CONDITIONAL II C. Uses 1. We use the Conditional II to refer to an action or state we imagine, i. e. , the speaker sees the event as a remote possibility If these machines were not so expensive, we would bargain them. (But they are expensive, and we are not going to buy them. ) If he lost his job tomorrow, he would move to London to find another one. (He doesnt think he will lose his job, but he understands the possible consequences.CONDITIONAL II 2. It is also possible to use could or might instead of would If we hired a factor agency, we could recover our debts more easily. If every piece of mail was personalised with your company logo or message, your customers might be very impressed. CONDITIONAL II 3. We do not use would in the if part of the sentence If trains would be more reliable, more people would use them. (? ) If trains were more reliable, more people would use them. (? ) But, in th e sentences We would be very grateful if you would send us the information as soon as possible. I would be very grateful if you would put your continue on the back of the cheque. would is not part of a conditional tense here. It is a modal verb, and represents a more polite form of will as used in conditional clauses in Conditional I. It introduces the idea of your agreeing, or being willing, to do what is suggested.CONDITIONAL II 4. In formal written documents, e. g. legal contracts or agreements, one may find the following conditional construction in Conditional II Were the agent to default on the contract, we would take legal action. Were Alice to turn over for the post, she would get it. Inverted constructions are in place of If the agent defaulted and If Alice applied for. Conditional II ?What would you say to a friend who asked you which faculty to go to? ?What would you do if you were ?the Prime Minister ?the Dean of the Faculty of Economics? CONDITIONAL III Sample sentenc es If I had done an MBA, I would have had more opportunities. If we had anticipated the crash, we wouldnt have lost so much money. B. Form If the price had been lower,sales would have been higher.If we had made a better offer,we would have won that contract.CONDITIONAL III C. Uses We use Conditional III to imagine the opposite situation. If what actually happened was negative, we use a positive form, and vice versa. If what actually happened was positive, we use a negative form ?We didnt put up our prices (-), so we kept our market share (+). ?If we had put up our prices (+), we would not have kept our market share (-). ?We promoted him (+) and he didnt give his notice (-). ?If we hadnt promoted him (-), he would have habituated his notice (+).CONDITIONAL III . In Conditional III the speaker recognizes that the event is an impossibility, i. e. cannot be fulfilled If we had waited a few more months, we would have saved a great deal of money on the new faxes. (But we didnt wait a few more months so, we didnt save money on the faxes). If you had sent the letter by airmail, it wouldnt have been delayed. (But, you didnt send the letter by airmail, so it was delayed). CONDITIONAL III 3. We can use could or might instead of would The merger could have succeeded if the management styles hadnt been so different. The presentation might have been better if she had felt more confident.CONDITIONAL III 4. You may find the following conditional construction in Conditional III Had we made a better offer, we would have won that contract. Had the shop packed the goods properly, they wouldnt have got damaged. Inverted past perfect is in place of If we had made and If the shop had packed . We do not use would in the if-clause. If the interview wouldnt have been a success, they would not have given me the job. (? ) If the interview had not been a success, they would not have given me the job. (? )